The differences are described below, from the manufacturer's website. The major difference seems to be stiffness as a result of the different diameters -
Red:
Sizes: 250 (8.11gpi & .400 spine), 350 (9.07gpi & .350 spine)
Diameter: .295" (250), .300" (350)
Red SD:
Sizes: 250 (8.3gpi & .400 spine), 350 (9.4gpi & .350 spine)
Diameter: .264" (250), .272" (350)
The new Maxima RED® is a breakthrough in controlling Dynamic Spine. The new, high-tech carbon design has stiffer ends to contain the arrow’s flex to the RED ZONE®. The RED ZONE is the section of the arrow shaft engineered to contain Dynamic Spine and make a broadhead shoot more consistently. Containing arrow flex to the RED ZONE provides a new level of hunting performance because broadheads exaggerate the effect of arrow flexing in flight and act like “wings” on the front of the arrow. By reducing arrow flex in the front of the shaft, the Maxima RED® makes broadheads shoot tighter groups and provides overall improved hunting performance. Contain the enemy of accuracy with the Maxima RED® —the best mid-weight hunting arrow ever.
The new Maxima RED® SD is a breakthrough in controlling Dynamic Spine in a smaller diameter (.203"ID) shaft. The new, high-tech carbon arrow shaft design has stiffer ends to contain the arrow's flex to what we call the RED ZONE®. The RED ZONE is the section of the arrow shaft engineered to contain Dynamic Spine and make a broadhead shoot more consistently. The smaller diameter Maxima RED® SD delivers improved penetration and reduces wind-drift which enables more accurate shots at longer distances.
Mark H.