Yes, this will fit most bayonet lugs, however there are some rifles with non-standard bayonet lugs that could require fitment.
Yes it will. I tried it on different makes of rifles with bayonet lugs and the rails fit perfectly on all of them. The design allowed easy thought free installation.
Yes this will absolutely work with the Ruger AR 556 with the A2 sight post and bayonet lug. I have 1 myself with this exact handguard and never had any issues getting it to fit.
Yes it will. I fit it on different makes of carbine length barrels with no issues. The fit was perfect and installation was easy.