Measuring from the handguard cap, the base which clamps around the barrel is about 1 13/16 inches (about 46mm). The sight itself curves up and forward from the base and takes up about 2 1/4 inches overall (about 57mm).
While Magpul says that the MOE SL is only usable with an A2 fixed front sight, they must be saying that for liability reasons. I have used the MOE SL handguard successfully with flip-up front sights from PRI, YHM and GG&G. Only the YHM required the end of the handguard to be filed (very slightly) for clearance. All three brands have worked FLAWLESSLY for me with the MOE SL.
It should. Previous answers say it aligns with mil-spec height rears.
Yes, you can use round or triangular handguard caps to match whatever your chosen handguards require.
Yes any Mil. Spec. rear will work with PRI front sight. 05-0029 for sure or Arms 40L will also.
This will be the same height as a standard A2 front sight and should work with a rear flip up sight.